Topsoe's radial flow converters

Topsoe’s ammonia synthesis technology is based on radial flow converters.

Topsoe offers three radial flow converters adapted to client needs and plant requirements for the most efficient plant operation.

The Topsoe S-200 converter
The Topsoe S-200 ammonia converter is a two-bed radial flow converter with indirect cooling between the catalyst beds. Since the introduction of the S-200 ammonia converter in 1976 this converter type has been used in more ammonia plants than any other competing converter design.

The Topsoe S-300 converter
The recent development of the S-300 converter with three beds offers a higher conversion of ammonia or alternatively a reduced catalyst volume compared to the S-200 converter. The S-300 is the recommended solution for all new plants.

The Topsoe S-50 converter
When an even higher conversion is desired the one-bed S-50 converter can be installed in series with the S-200 or the S-300 converter.

Topsoe's ammonia synthesis catalyst

Topsoe’s ammonia synthesis catalyst KM is a high-quality and versatile catalyst, which is characterised by high and stable activity, unmatched mechanical strength and high poison resistance. The ammonia synthesis catalyst also comes in a prereduced version, KMR, which enables a more rapid commissioning compared with a charge of unreduced KM.

Market experience

Topsoe has installed more than 250 ammonia converters and since the introduction of the S-300 basket in 1999 this has been the industry’s preferred converter solution.

Topsoe offers full flexibility with regard to feedstock. Where natural gas is not an option, naphtha or even gasified coal or biomass have been successfully used as alternative feeds.

Topsoe has more than 50 years of experience in manufacturing ammonia synthesis catalysts, and today more than half of the world's ammonia is produced over Topsoe ammonia synthesis catalyst.